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04
Dec.2020
苗栗縣泰安鄉麻必浩部落苧麻的一物全體活用-下篇 

 

        麻必浩部落遊程的推動,是基於最初回復傳統線藝和文化產業內容的發展,因此本研究於2020年10月25日(日)參與「第十四屆ADCS國際研究發表大會」所舉辦至麻必浩部落的里山實踐遊程參訪(下表)。

 

表 2:麻必浩部落的里山實踐遊程內容

時間

活動內容

里山生活的實踐方法

1 0:00~10:30

豐原車站集合出發

12:00~12:15

頭目祈福儀式胝達麻必浩部落

針對遊客到訪部落時,頭目進行平安和福氣的「傳統祈福儀式」

12:20~13:00 

午餐-苧麻創意料理

遊客品嘗用苧麻葉、球莖等原先取纖維後廢棄的部分,所烹飪出來的創意料理

13:05~13:45

部落解說導覽 泰雅族北勢群生命觀— 老頭目籐編及傳統服飾

黃藤採摘、處理過程、編織技法等的傳統里山技藝分享和傳承。

13:50~15:50

苧麻製線體驗活動苧麻文化園區

體驗傳統和創新的刮苧麻方式,以及接線方式

16:00~17:00

部落巡禮、下午茶麻必浩線藝

取用在地苧麻所製作出來的工藝產品

17:00

賦歸

 

(資料來源:本研究整理)

 

97%一物全體活用的概念讓廢棄物找到新價值

 

因為苧麻為部落核心推動的里山生活之事件,故秉持落實「苧麻的一物全體活用」,即不論苧麻葉做成美味的炸物,或是從苧麻製線原料採收到撥皮取纖維的過程,再製作成編織成衣物、生活工藝品、裝飾品等,甚至原先廢棄的苧麻莖,再度包裹肉製品成為佳餚,讓苧麻此物可達到近乎97%的充分利用,實踐一物全體活用的精神,而此精神則是繼承日本社區總體營造大師宮崎清教授研究室所傳遞出來的精神體現。遊程中包含諸多的里山生活實踐方法,例如展現傳統文化的祈福儀式、苧麻創意料理、黃藤編織、刮苧麻等,從儀式、飲食、編織方法、工藝製作的工具、種植區域等,都涵蓋在地知識。尤其,麻必浩部落的里山生活實踐,除回復到種植苧麻外,原先只取其苧麻纖維具有價值外,今日卻可從廢棄物中找到新價值。換言之,原先取下纖維後的苧麻其廢棄部分,不再是堆肥,而可成為生活餐飲、生活工藝品。

 

 

推動里山遊程與生活工藝讓人類與自然有更密切的互動

 

麻必浩部落的里山實踐遊程,部落族人與清華大學張瑋琦副教授首次嘗試引進「踩線團(兼學術研究者身分)」,進行體驗部落相關的里山遊程內容,以提供建議可讓部落族人修改後續接待遊客的服務內容,遊程因初次舉辦故以半天接待為主。

當踩線團到訪麻必浩部落後,首先有頭目祈福儀式,其源自於族人開啟任何活動時,會進行平安和福氣的「傳統祈福儀式」;接著享用午餐,先讓踩線團以「廢棄的肉桂樹枝」將「小米」用手捏成棒狀做為中餐主食,餐桌上族人以「苧麻」整株植物作為中餐的創意料理菜單,故「苧麻葉、球莖、苧麻莖」等原先除取其纖維後而廢棄的部分,都成為具特色的在地創意食材;也前往高齡94歲的老頭目家裡參觀其運在地採摘的黃藤所編織出的背簍,手工精緻背簍相當美,一個售價新台幣4千元也常常成為遊客入手購置的商品,也讓遊客試穿傳統新娘新郎的結婚服飾,對於遊客來說可說是特別的感受;並體驗苧麻的製作過程,包含從「苧麻田」中採摘苧麻並「刮苧麻」,取的其纖維,並也體驗苧麻在大腿或手指搓出細線和慢慢接線;最終,帶領踩線團參觀並可購買運用在地苧麻製作出來的手工藝品、生活用品等,例如耳環、吊飾、背袋、燈罩、帽子、苧麻吸管等;同時品嚐在地摘種的柿子和香蕉,和加工製作過後的水果奶酪。

        麻必浩部落以盡可能減少對環境傷害的材料舉辦市集,並推動黃藤和苧麻的工藝技法,除可讓族人更加重視山林中黃藤的生長、苧麻田的種植外,也思考傳統工藝技法消逝的快速,更引發族人重視里山生活的關係外,也讓遊客重視這些運用在地植物知識,所處理並編織出來的工藝品更具有背後的價值性,而這一個理想的服務系統除以「苧麻的一物全體活用」為主軸外,也涵蓋在地產業和族人是否願意在部落生活下來,有著地方創生的意涵存在。

 


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                                  圖 :苧麻葉和柿子做成的開胃菜                                                                             圖 :烤肉桂小米棒

 


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            圖 :體驗泰雅族傳統結婚服飾                                                                 圖 :黃藤製作出的工藝商品

 

(資料來源:本研究拍攝)